Likutey Moharan
Breslov
Likutey Moharan (also spelled Likutei Moharan) is the central text of the Breslov Chasidus, written by the movement's founder, Rebbe Nachman of Breslov. The book presents Rebbe Nachman's unique teachings.
Content and Structure Likutey Moharan consists of two parts. The first part, "Likutey Moharan Kama" contains 286 discourses, while the second part, "Likutey Moharan Tinyana", has 125 discourses. These discourses discuss tens of thousands of subjects, covering partially every element of religion and existence. It reveals many great Kabbalistic mysteries,[2] provides thousands of practical pieces of guidance and advice.[2] Each chapter discusses many various topics, traits, Mitzvos and details. Each chapter also discusses unique concepts that are not discussed in the other chapters.[2] There is no Mitzvah, act of holiness and advice that is needed for every individual, regardless of his level that is not mentioned in Likutey Moharan.[2] Despite the great depth of Likutey Moharan, everyone can benefit from its simple meaning, advice and ethical guidance.[2] Likutey Moharan is a testimony to Rebbe Nachman's greatness, since anyone who studies it will see that it could have only been authored by someone on a very high level.[2] Content Most of the teachings in Likutey Moharan were revealed after Rebbe Nachman returned from his trip to Eretz Yisroel and were much higher then his previous teachings. Only part of the chapters 73-114 were given over before his trip and were copied from the writing of his early students.[2] Topic Examples - All Traits - All Mitzvos - Distancing and Breaking the lusts of immorality, money and food - Distancing from honor, anger, strictness, haughtiness - Benefit of the Truth and the great drawbacks of Falsehood - Distancing from sadness and laziness, flawed speech, gossip - Flawing of the eyes, and the other body sensors - Holiness of of the eyes, nose, ears and mouth - Holiness of Shabbos, YomTov and Rosh Chodesh - Holiness of Pesach and its Mitzvos (Eating Matzah, transgression of Chametz, reading the Haggadah, 4 wine cups) - Holiness of Sukkos and its Mitzvos (Sukka, 4 species, Hoshana Rabba, Shemini Atzeret, Simchas Torah) - Holiness of Shevuos (Kabbalas HaTorah) - Rosh Hashana (Blowing the Shofar), Yom Kippur, Chanuka, Purim - Tzitzis, Tefilin, Krias Shema, Prayer, charity, Torah study, honest business dealings, faith, faith in the Sages, humility, fear of Hashem, love of Hashem - Virtues of holy yearning and desires - Prayer with strength and concentration both of formal prayers, supplementary prayers and Hisbodedute. - Great benefits of reciting Tehilim that causes repentance - Benefit of crying in front of Hashem - Having a broken heart, distancing from sadness - Benefit of happiness and how one must try with all his might to always be happy and many tools how to induce happiness. - Holiness of Eretz Yisroel - Mishkan, Beis Hamikdash and Yerushalaim - Drawbacks of controversy and the great benefits of peace - Repentance, fasting, purifying ones mind, distancing from impure thoughts - Binding to the Tzadikim - Melodies, musical instruments, 10 types of songs, clapping hands, dancing, sighing, echoes, holy movements - Encouragement in serving Hashem - To never despair under any circumstances even the most absolutely worst person - 613 Mitzvos and the Rabbinical laws, Oral Torah, Written Torah, Halacha and the mysteries of Kabbalah.[2] - The 4 worlds, from the start of Atzilut until the center of the physical Asiya - Spiritual levels of the world and mankind[2] - All the writings of the Arizal, teachings of the Zohar, Tikkunim and the ways of the Kabbalah[2] Goal Rebbe Nachman's main goal with the Likutey Moharan was to give people practical advice and guidance on how to server Hashem. To awaken them and guide them how to leave their lusts, emptiness and sins and return them to Hashem through the proper path.[2] Advice Since a person's evil inclination attacks him in new ways each day, many various pieces of advice, methods and inspiration were added into the Likutey Moharan, so any person regardless of his level, time and place, will have tools to use.[2] System - Each topic and element is discussed multiple times in different locations, but each instance in a unique perspective, also associating it with a different aspects.[2] - Each chapter has great depth - Each chapter has many introductions and explanations in it. - Each chapter is a like large building with many rooms one inside the other, that have entrances and windows connecting them together. - The more subjects and explanations there are in a chapter, the more depth it has. - There are cross connections between the start and end of each chapter and also in the middle - Sometimes a few grouped explanations and proofs appear to be a single one, but in reality each can stand on its own but since they are very related and inter connected they are listed together.[2] - All the teachings have great and profound spiritual perceptions but they are only alluded to in vague and hidden allusions.[2] - Each chapter discusses the Kavanos of a certin Mitzvah and a chapter of the Eitz Chaim. - Each chapter includes all four levels of Pardes - Pshat, Remez, Drash, Sod - Rebbe Nachman's main intent was the Pshat level, allowing readers to extract actual guidance from the teachings for serving Hashem.[2] Inspiration Anyone who focuses truthfully on the teachings of Likutey Moharan his heart with become inspired and he will yearn and desire to serve Hashem, causing him to repent with all his heart, soul and money and become a complete Baal Teshuva.[2] Philosophy and Teachings The teachings in Likutey Moharan emphasize personal spiritual growth through Hisbodedute meditation, prayer, joy, and faith. Rebbe Nachman's philosophy stresses the importance of happiness, simplicity, sincerity, ongoing personal growth, and the intrinsic holiness of the Jewish soul. The book's teachings are recognized for their psychological insight, encouraging readers to maintain positive attitudes and confront their internal struggles and doubts. Hakdama The introduction to Likutey Moharan was written by Rebbe Nosson. Due to the controversy on Rebbe Nachman and his followers, he refrained from writing the full praises about the book and its author.[2] Haskamos Likutey Moharan received many approbations from the generation's leading rabbis. These were collected before the first printing of the Likutey Moharan in Austria, but were emitted from that edition, due to Rebbe Nachman's great humility.[1] Most of the Haskamos were lost over time. In the 2nd printing Rebbe Nasson, salvaged and printed 3 of the Haskomos. The Haskomos of the Chozeh and the Kozhnitzer Maggid were found later on a were added in a later edition.[1] Most of the Haskomos give a 10 year ban of plagiarizing the Sefer:[1] - Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchak - the Chozeh from Lublin. Signed on 26 Teves 5568 (January 7, 1808) he refers to Rebbe Nachman as his Mechutan[1] since their children married into the same family. He mentions that he normally refrained from giving Haskamot, but here for Rebbe Nachman he made an exception although he did not personally know him personally.[1] - Rabbi Yisroel of Kozhnitz - Kozhnitzer Maggid. Signed on 4th of Shevat 5568 (January 15, 1808) in the city of Kozhnitz.[1] - Rabbi Avraham Chaim of Zlotchov - Signed on 4th of Shevat 5568 (January 31, 1808) in the city of Zlotchov.[1] - Rabbi Efraim Zalman Margalios - Signed in the city of Brody .[1] - Rabbi Meir of Brody - Signed on 25th of Shevat 5568 (February 6, 1808) in the city of Brody, despite his personal resolution to refrain from giving additional Haskamot for new sefarim.[1] Impact and Legacy Likutey Moharan continues to be a fundamental text for Breslovers, guiding their spiritual practices and views. Its teachings have been disseminated widely within and outside the Breslov community. A series of commentaries, translations, and explanations have been produced to make the teachings accessible to a broader audience.
[1] Haskamos of Likutey Moharan [2] Hakdama of Likutey Moharan